| 3.01 |
Strength of Build, Ballast and Rig |
| |
Yachts shall be strongly built, watertight and, particularly with regard to hulls, decks and cabin trunks capable of withstanding solid water and knockdowns. They must be properly rigged and ballasted, be fully seaworthy and must meet the standards set forth herein. Shrouds shall never be disconnected. |
| 3.02 |
Watertight Integrity of a Hull |
| 3.02.1 |
A hull, including, deck, coach roof, windows, hatches and all other parts, shall form an integral, essentially watertight unit and any openings in it shall be capable of being immediately secured to maintain this integrity. |
| 3.02.2 |
Centreboard and daggerboard trunks and the like shall not open into the interior of a hull except via a watertight inspection/maintenance hatch of which the opening shall be entirely above the waterline of the yacht floating level in normal trim. |
| 3.02.3 |
A canting keel pivot shall be completely contained within a watertight enclosure which shall comply with OSR 3.02.2. Access points in the watertight enclosure for control and actuation systems or any other purpose shall comply with OSR 3.02.1. |
| 3.02.4 |
Moveable ballast systems shall be fitted with a manual control and actuation secondary system which shall be capable of controlling the full sailing load of the keel in the event of failure of the primary system. Such failures would include electrical and hydraulic failure and mechanical failure of the components and the structure to which it mounts. The system must be capable of being operational quickly and shall be operable at any angle of heel. It would be desirable if this system was capable of securing the keel on the
centerline. |
| 3.05 |
Stability and Flotation - Multihulls |
| |
Attention is drawn to ISO 12217-2. |
| 3.05.1 |
Adequate watertight bulkheads and compartments (which may include permanently installed flotation material) in each hull shall be provided to ensure that a multihull is effectively unsinkable and capable of floating in a stable position with at least half the length of one hull flooded. (see OSR 3.13.2). |
| 3.05.2 |
Multihulls built on or after Jan 1999 shall in every hull without accommodation be divided at intervals of not more than 4m (13ft 3") by one or more transverse watertight bulkheads |
| 3.05.3 |
A yacht shall be designed and built to resist capsize. |
| 3.07 |
Exits and Escape Hatches - Multihulls |
| 3.07.1 |
Exits |
| |
| a) |
In a multihull of 8m (26.2ft) LOA and greater, each hull which contains accommodation shall have at least two exits. |
|
| 3.07.2 |
Escape Hatches, Underside Clipping Points & Handholds |
| |
| a) |
In a multihull of 12m (39.4ft) LOA and greater each hull which contains accommodation shall:- |
|
| |
| |
i |
have an escape hatch for access to and from the hull in the event of an inversion; |
|
| |
| |
ii |
when first launched on or after January 2003 have a minimum clearance diameter through each escape hatch of 450mm or when an escape hatch is not circular, sufficient clearance to allow a crew member to pass through fully clothed; |
|
| |
| |
iii |
when first launched prior to January 2003, if possible have each escape hatch in compliance with the dimensions in OSR 3.07.2(a)(ii); |
|
| |
| |
iv |
when the yacht is inverted have each escape hatch above the waterline; |
|
| |
| |
v |
when first launched on or after January 2001 have each escape hatch at or near the midships station; |
|
| |
| |
vi |
in a catamaran first launched on or after January 2003 have each escape hatch on the side nearest the vessel's central axis. |
|
| |
| b) |
A trimaran of 12m (39.4ft) LOA and greater first launched on or after 1/03 shall have at least two escape hatches in compliance with the dimensions in OSR 3.07.2(a) (ii) |
|
| |
| c) |
Each escape hatch must have been opened both from inside and outside within 6 months prior to an intended race |
|
| |
| d) |
A multihull shall have on the underside appropriate handholds/clipping points sufficient for all crew (on a trimaran these shall be around the central hull). |
|
| |
| e) |
A catamaran first launched on or after 1/03 with a central nacelle shall have on the underside around the central nacelle, handholds of sufficient capacity to enable all persons on board to hold on and/or clip on securely |
|
| |
| f) |
In a catamaran with a central nacelle, it is recommended that each hull has an emergency refuge, accessible via a special hatch in the side of the hull nearest the vessel's central axis, which hatch may be opened and closed from the inside and outside |
|
| 3.07.3 |
A multihull of less than 12m (39.4ft) LOA shall either have escape hatches in compliance with OSR 3.07.2 (a)(b) and (c)or shall comply with OSR 3.07.3 (a) and (b): |
| |
| a) |
each hull which contains accommodation shall have, for the purpose of cutting an escape hatch, appropriate tools kept ready for instant use adjacent to the intended cutting site. Each tool shall be secured to the vessel by a line and a clip, and |
|
| |
| b) |
in each hull at a station where an emergency hatch may be cut, the cutting line shall be clearly marked both inside and outside with an outline and the words ESCAPE CUT HERE |
|
| 3.08 |
Hatches & Companionways |
| 3.08.1 |
No hatch forward of the maximum beam station shall open in such a way that the lid or cover moves into the open position towards the interior of the hull (excepting ports having an area of less than 0.071m^2 (110 sq in)). |
| 3.08.2 |
A hatch shall be: |
| |
|
| |
| c) |
capable of being firmly shut immediately and remaining firmly shut in a 180 degree capsize (inversion) |
|
| 3.08.3 |
A companionway hatch extending below the local sheerline, shall: |
| |
| a) |
not be permitted in a yacht with a cockpit opening aft to the sea (OSR 3.09.6) |
|
| |
| b) |
be capable of being blocked off up to the level of the local sheerline, provided that the companionway hatch shall continue to give access to the interior with the blocking devices (e.g. washboards) in place |
|
| 3.08.4 |
A companionway hatch shall: |
| |
| a) |
be fitted with a strong securing arrangement which shall be operable from the exterior and interior including when the yacht is inverted |
|
| |
| b) |
have any blocking devices |
|
| |
| |
i |
capable of being retained in position with the hatch open or shut |
|
| |
| |
ii |
whether or not in position in the hatchway, secured to the yacht (e.g. by lanyard) for the duration of the race, to prevent their being lost overboard |
|
| |
| |
iii |
permit exit in the event of inversion |
|
| 3.09 |
Cockpits - Attention is Drawn to ISO 11812 |
| 3.09.1 |
Cockpits shall be structurally strong, self-draining quickly by gravity at all angles of heel and permanently incorporated as an integral part of the hull. |
| 3.09.2 |
Cockpits must be essentially watertight, that is, all openings to the hull must be capable of being strongly and rigidly secured |
| 3.09.3 |
A bilge pump outlet pipe shall not be connected to a cockpit drain . See OSR 3.09.8 for cockpit drain minimum sizes |
| 3.09.4 |
A cockpit sole shall be at least 2% LWL above LWL (or in IMS yachts first launched before 1/03, at least 2% L above LWL) |
| 3.09.5 |
A bow, lateral, central or stern well shall be considered a cockpit for the purposes of OSR 3.09 |
| 3.09.6 |
In cockpits opening aft to the sea structural openings aft shall be not less in area than 50% maximum cockpit depth x maximum cockpit width. |
| 3.09.7 |
Cockpit Volume |
| |
| i) |
earliest of age or series date before April 1992 |
|
| |
the total volume of all cockpits below lowest coamings shall not exceed 9% (LWL x maximum beam x freeboard abreast the cockpit). |
| |
| ii) |
earliest of age or series date April 1992 and after |
|
| |
as above for the appropriate category except that "lowest coamings" shall not include any aft of the FA station and no extension of a cockpit aft of the working deck shall be included in calculation of cockpit volume |
| |
IMS-rated boats may instead of the terms LWL, maximum beam, freeboard abreast the cockpit, use the IMS terms L, B and FA. |
| 3.09.8 |
Cockpit Drains |
| |
See OSR 3.09.1. Cockpit drain cross section area (after allowance for screens if fitted) shall be:- |
| |
| a) |
in yachts with earliest of age or series date before 1/72 or in any yacht under 8.5m (28ft) LOA - at least that of 2 x 25mm diameter (one inch) unobstructed openings or equivalent |
|
| |
| b) |
in yachts with earliest of age or series date 1/72 and later - at least that of 4 x 20mm diameter (3/4 inch) unobstructed openings or equivalent |
|
| |
US SAILING prescribes that cockpit drains shall be accessible for cleaning. |
| 3.10 |
Sea Cocks or Valves |
| |
Sea cocks or valves shall be permanently installed on all through-hull openings below the waterline except integral deck scuppers, speed indicators, depth finders and the like, however a means of closing such openings shall be provided. |
| 3.11 |
Sheet Winches |
| |
Sheet winches shall be mounted in such a way that an operator is not required to be substantially below deck. |
| 3.12 |
Mast Step |
| |
The heel of a keel stepped mast shall be securely fastened to the mast step or adjoining structure. |
| 3.13 |
Watertight Bulkheads |
| |
multihulls also see OSR 3.05 |
| 3.13.1 |
A hull shall have either a watertight "crash" bulkhead within 15% of LOA from the bow and abaft the forward end of LWL, or permanently installed closed-cell foam buoyancy effectively filling the forward 30% LOA of the hull. |
| 3.13.2 |
Any required watertight bulkhead shall be strongly built to take a full head of water pressure without allowing any leakage into the adjacent compartment. |
| 3.14 |
Pulpits, Stanchions, Lifelines |
| 3.14.1 |
When due to the particular design of a multihull it is impractical to precisely follow Special Regulations regarding pulpits, stanchions, lifelines, the regulations for monohulls shall be followed as closely as possible with the aim of
minimizing the risk of people falling overboard. |
| |
US SAILING prescribes that all crew working areas shall be protected by lifelines or jackstays and safety harness attachment points. Lifelines or jackstays with or without safety harness attachment points may be substituted for pulpits |
| 3.14.2 |
Lifelines required in Special Regulations shall be "taut". |
| |
| a) |
As a guide, when a deflecting force of 50 N (5.1 kgf, 11.2 lbf) is applied to a lifeline midway between supports, the lifeline should not deflect more than 50 mm. |
|
| 3.14.3 |
The following shall be provided: |
| |
| c) |
lifelines (guardlines) supported on stanchions, which, with pulpits, shall form an effectively continuous barrier around a working deck for man-overboard prevention. Lifelines shall be permanently supported at intervals of not more than 2.20m (86.6") and shall not pass outboard of supporting stanchions |
|
| |
| d) |
upper rails of pulpits at no less height above the working deck than the upper lifelines as in Table 7. |
|
| |
| e) |
Openable upper rails in bow pulpits shall be secured shut whilst racing |
|
| |
| f) |
Pulpits and stanchions shall be permanently installed. When there are sockets or studs, these shall be through-bolted, bonded or welded. The pulpit(s) and/or stanchions fitted to these shall be mechanically retained without the help of the life-lines. Without sockets or studs, pulpits and/or stanchions shall be through-bolted, bonded or welded. |
|
| |
| g) |
The bases of pulpits and stanchions shall not be further inboard from the edge of the appropriate working deck than 5% of maximum beam or 150 mm (6 in), whichever is greater. |
|
| |
| h) |
Stanchion bases shall not be situated outboard of a working deck. For the purpose of this rule a stanchion or pulpit base shall be taken to include a sleeve or socket into which a stanchion or pulpit tube is fitted but shall exclude a baseplate which carries fixings into the deck or hull. |
|
| |
| i) |
Provided the complete lifeline enclosure is supported by stanchions and pulpit bases effectively within the working deck, lifeline terminals and support struts may be fixed to a hull aft of the working deck |
|
| |
| j) |
Lifelines need not be fixed to a bow pulpit if they terminate at, or pass through, adequately braced stanchions set inside and overlapping the bow pulpit, provided that the gap between the upper lifeline and the bow pulpit does not exceed 150 mm (6 in). |
|
| |
| k) |
Stanchions shall be straight and vertical except that:- |
|
| |
| i) |
within the first 50 mm (2 in) from the deck, stanchions shall not be displaced horizontally from the point at which they emerge from the deck or stanchion base by more than 10 mm (3/8
in), and |
|
| |
| ii) |
stanchions may be angled to not more than 10 degrees from vertical at any point above 50 mm (2 in) from the deck. |
|
| |
| l) |
It is strongly recommended that designs also comply to ISO 15085 |
|
| 3.14.4 |
Special Requirements for Pulpits, Stanchions, Lifelines on Multihulls |
| |
The following shall be provided:- |
| |
| a) |
on a trimaran - a bow pulpit on the main hull, with lifelines around the main hull supported on stanchions. The lifelines may be interrupted where there are nets or crossbeam wings outboard of the main hull |
|
| |
| b) |
on a trimaran - where a net joins the base of a bow pulpit on the main hull, an additional lifeline from the top of the pulpit to the forward crossbeam at or outboard of the crossbeam mid-point. |
|
| |
| c) |
on a trimaran - at a main or emergency steering position on an outrigger with or without a cockpit, lifelines protecting an arc of 3 meters diameter
centered on the steering position. (When measuring between lifelines their taut, undeflected positions shall be taken for this purpose). |
|
| |
| d) |
on a catamaran - lifelines from bow to stern on each hull and transverse lifelines to form an effectively continuous barrier around the working area for man-overboard prevention. The transverse lifelines shall be attached to bow and stern pulpits or superstructure. A webbing, strop or rope (minimum diameter 6mm) shall be rove zig-zag between the transverse lifelines and the net. |
|
| 3.14.5 |
Lifeline Height, Vertical Openings, Number of Lifelines |
| |
TABLE 7 |
| |
| LOA |
earliest of age/series date |
minimum requirements |
Category |
| under 8.5 m(28 ft) |
before January 1992 |
taut single lifeline at a height of no less than 450 mm (18 in) above the working deck. No vertical opening shall exceed 560 mm (22 in). |
** |
| under 8.5 m(28 ft) |
January 1992and after |
as for under 8.5 m(28 ft) in table 7 above, except that when an intermediate lifeline is fitted no vertical opening shall exceed 380 mm (15 in). |
** |
| 8.5 m (28 ft) and over |
before January 1993 |
taut double lifeline with upper lifeline at a height of no less than 600 mm (24 in) above the working deck. No vertical opening shall exceed 560 mm (22 in) |
** |
| 8.5 m (28 ft)and over |
January 1993 and after |
as 8.5 m (28 ft) and over in Table 7 above, except that no vertical opening shall exceed 380 mm (15 in). |
** |
| all |
all |
on yachts with intermediate lifelines the intermediate line shall be not less than 230 mm (9 in) above the working deck and shall be of the same construction and general arrangements as required for the upper. |
** |
|
| 3.14.6 |
Lifeline Minimum Diameters, Required Materials, Specifications |
| |
| a) |
All lifelines shall be stranded stainless steel wire of minimum diameter in table 8 below. Lifelines shall be uncoated and used without close-fitting sleeving. |
|
| |
Notwithstanding 3.14.6 (a), temporary sleeving may be fitted provided it is regularly removed for inspection |
| |
| b) |
Grade 316 stainless wire is recommended. |
|
| |
| c) |
A taut lanyard of synthetic rope may be used to secure lifelines provided the gap it closes does not exceed 100 mm (4 in). This lanyard shall be replaced annually at a minimum. |
|
| |
| d) |
All wire, fittings, anchorage points, fixtures and lanyards shall comprise a lifeline enclosure system which has at all points at least the breaking strength of the required lifeline wire. |
|
| |
TABLE 8 |
| |
| LOA |
minimum wire diameter |
| under 8.5 m (28ft) |
3 mm (1/8 in) |
| 8.5m - 13 m |
4 mm (5/32 in) |
| over 13 m (43 ft) |
5 mm (3/16 in) |
|
| 3.14.7 |
Pulpits, Stanchions, Lifelines - Limitations on Materials |
| |
TABLE 9 |
| |
| Earliest of Age or Series Date |
detail |
| before January 1987 |
carbon fiber is not recommended in stanchions pulpits and lifelines. |
| January 1987 and after |
stanchions, pulpits and lifelines shall not be made of carbon
fiber. |
|
| 3.15 |
Multihull Nets or Trampolines |
| 3.15.1 |
The word "net" is interchangeable with the word "trampoline" |
| |
A net shall be:- |
| |
| a) |
essentially horizontal |
|
| |
| b) |
made from durable woven webbing, water permeable fabric, or mesh with openings not larger than 5.08cm (2 inches) in any dimension. Attachment points shall be planned to avoid chafe. The junction between a net and a yacht shall present no risk of foot trapping |
|
| |
| c) |
solidly fixed at regular intervals on transverse and longitudinal support lines and shall be fine-stitched to a bolt rope |
|
| |
| d) |
able to carry the full weight of the crew either in normal working conditions at sea or in case of capsize when the yacht is inverted. |
|
| |
| e) |
It is recommended that lines used to tie the nets should be individually tied and not continuously connected to more than four attachment points per connecting line |
|
| 3.15.2 |
Trimarans with Double Crossbeams |
| |
| a) |
A trimaran with double crossbeams shall have nets on each side covering:- |
|
| |
| b) |
the rectangles formed by the crossbeams, central hull and outriggers |
|
| |
| c) |
the triangles formed by the aft end of the central pulpit, the mid-point of each forward crossbeam, and the intersection of the crossbeam and the central hull |
|
| |
| d) |
the triangles formed by the aftermost part of the cockpit or steering position (whichever is furthest aft), the mid-point of each after crossbeam, and the intersection of the crossbeam and the central hull; except that:- |
|
| |
| e) |
the requirement in OSR 3.15.2(d) shall not apply when cockpit coamings and/or lifelines are present which comply with the minimum height requirements in Table 7 |
|
| 3.15.3 |
Trimarans with Single Crossbeams |
| |
| a) |
A trimaran with a single crossbeam shall have nets between the central hull and each outrigger:- |
|
| |
| b) |
on each side between two straight lines from the intersection of the crossbeam and the outrigger, respectively to the aft end of the pulpit on the central hull, and to the aftermost point of the cockpit or steering position on the central hull (whichever is furthest aft) |
|
| 3.16 |
Catamarans |
| |
| a) |
On a catamaran the total net surface shall be limited: |
|
| |
| b) |
laterally by the hulls |
|
| |
| c) |
longitudinally by transverse stations through the forestay base, and the aftermost point of the boom lying fore and aft. However, a catamaran with a central nacelle (non-immersed) may satisfy the regulations for a trimaran |
|
| 3.18 |
Toilet |
| 3.18.2 |
A toilet, permanently installed or fitted bucket |
| 3.19 |
Bunks |
| 3.19.2 |
Bunks, permanently installed |
| 3.22 |
Hand Holds |
| |
Adequate hand holds shall be fitted below deck so that crew members may move about safely at sea. |
| |
A hand hold should be capable of withstanding without rupture a side force of 1500N - attention is drawn to ISO 15085. |
| 3.23 |
Bilge Pumps and Buckets |
| 3.23.1 |
No bilge pump may discharge into a cockpit unless that cockpit opens aft to the sea. |
| 3.23.2 |
Bilge pumps shall not be connected to cockpit drains. (OSR 3.09) |
| 3.23.3 |
Bilge pumps and strum boxes shall be readily accessible for maintenance and for clearing out debris |
| 3.23.4 |
Unless permanently installed, each bilge pump handle shall be provided with a lanyard or catch or similar device to prevent accidental loss |
| 3.23.5 |
The following shall be provided: |
| |
| c) |
multihulls shall have provision to pump out all watertight compartments (except those filled with impermeable buoyancy). |
|
| |
| f) |
two buckets of stout construction each with at least 9
liters (2 UK gallons, 2.4 US gallons) capacity. Each bucket to have a lanyard. |
|
| 3.24 |
Compass |
| 3.24.1 |
The following shall be provided:- |
| |
| a) |
a marine magnetic compass, independent of any power supply, permanently installed and correctly adjusted with deviation card, and |
|
| 3.25 |
Halyards. |
| |
No mast shall have less than two halyards, each capable of hoisting a sail. |
| |
Boom Support. US SAILING prescribes that some means must exist to prevent the boom from dropping if support from the mainsail and/or halyard fails. Topping lifts or supporting vangs are acceptable for this purpose. |
| 3.27 |
Navigation Lights (see OSR 2.03.3) |
| 3.27.1 |
Navigation lights shall be mounted so that they will not be masked by sails or the heeling of the yacht. |
| 3.27.2 |
Navigation lights shall not be mounted below deck level and should be at no less height than immediately under the upper lifeline. |
| 3.27.3 |
Navigation light intensity |
| |
TABLE 11 |
| |
| LOA |
Guide to required minimum power rating for an electric bulb in a navigation light |
| under 12 m (39.4 ft) |
10 W |
| 12 m (39.4 ft) and above |
25 W |
|
| |
US SAILING prescribes that in the US compliance with the recommendations of COLREGS shall suffice in satisfying these regulations. COLREGS requirements are as follows; |
| |
TABLE 14 |
| |
| LOA |
Light |
Luminous Intensity |
Minimum Range |
| |
|
|
of Visibility |
| under 39.4 ft |
Side |
0.9 candelas |
1 mile |
| |
Stern |
4.3 candelas |
2 miles |
| 39.4 ft and above |
Side |
4.3 candelas |
2 miles |
| and less than 164 ft |
Stern |
4.3 candelas |
2 miles |
|
| 3.27.5 |
spare bulbs for navigation lights shall be carried, or for lights not dependent on bulbs, appropriate spares. |
| 3.29 |
Communications Equipment, EPFS (Electronic Position-Fixing System), Radar, AIS |
| 3.29.1 |
The following shall be provided: |
| |
| e) |
A hand-held marine VHF transceiver, watertight or with a waterproof cover. When not in use to be stowed in a grab bag or emergency container (see OSR 4.21) |
|
| |
| f) |
Independent of a main radio transceiver, a radio receiver capable of receiving weather bulletins |
|
| 3.29.2 |
Yachts are reminded that no reflector, active or passive, is a guarantee of detection or tracking by a vessel using radar. |
| |
| a) |
The attention of persons in charge is drawn to legislation in force or imminent affecting the territorial seas of some countries in which the carriage of an AIS set is or will be mandatory for certain vessels including relatively small craft. |
|
| 4.01 |
Sail Letters & Numbers |
| 4.01.1 |
Yachts which are not in an ISAF International Class or Recognized Class shall comply with RRS 77 and Appendix G as closely as possible, except that sail numbers allotted by a State authority are acceptable . |
| 4.01.2 |
Sail numbers and letters of the size carried on the mainsail must be displayed by alternative means when none of the numbered sails is set. |
| 4.02 |
Hull marking (color blaze) |
| 4.02.2 |
Multihulls shall show on the underside, where they can be seen when inverted, an solid area of highly-visible
color (e.g. Day-Glo pink, orange, or yellow) of at least 1m^2 |
| 4.03 |
Soft Wood Plugs |
| |
Soft wood plugs, tapered and of the appropriate size, shall be attached or stowed adjacent to the appropriate fitting for every through-hull opening. |
| 4.05 |
Fire Extinguishers |
| |
Shall be provided as follows: |
| 4.05.1 |
Fire extinguishers, at least two, readily accessible in suitable and different parts of the yacht |
| 4.06 |
Anchor(s) |
| 4.06.1 |
An anchor or anchors shall be carried according to the table below: |
| |
| a) |
1 anchor, readily accessible |
|
| 4.07 |
Flashlight(s) |
| 4.07.1 |
The following shall be provided:- |
| |
| b) |
a watertight flashlight with spare batteries and bulb |
|
| |
| c) |
for Mu3,4 the watertight flashlight in OSR 4.07.1 (b) shall be stowed in the grab bag or emergency container |
|
| 4.08 |
First Aid Manual and First Aid Kit |
| 4.08.1 |
A suitable First Aid Manual shall be provided |
| |
In the absence of a National Authority's requirement, the latest edition of one of the following is recommended:- |
| |
| b) |
First Aid at Sea, by Douglas Justins and Colin Berry, published by Adlard Coles
Nautical, London |
|
| |
| c) |
Le Guide de la medicine a distance, by Doctor
J Y Chauve, published by Distance Assistance BP33 F-La Baule, cedex, France. An English translation may be available. |
|
| |
US SAILING endorses the above and additionally recommends the following manuals: Advanced First Aid by Peter Eastman, M.D., Cornell Maritime Press and A Comprehensive Guide to Marine Medicine by Eric A. Weiss, M.D. and Michael E. Jacobs, M.D., Adventure Medical Kit. |
| 4.08.2 |
A First Aid Kit shall be provided |
| 4.08.3 |
The contents and storage of the First Aid Kit should reflect the guidelines of the Manual carried, the likely conditions and duration of the passage, and the number of people aboard the yacht. |
| 4.08.5 |
At least one member of the crew shall be familiar with First Aid procedures, hypothermia and relevant communications systems (see OSR 6.02.7, 6.03.4) |
| 4.09 |
Foghorn |
| |
A foghorn shall be provided |
| 4.10 |
Radar Reflector, AIS (Automatic Identification System) |
| 4.10.1 |
A passive Radar Reflector (that is, a Radar Reflector without any power) shall be provided |
| |
| a) |
If a radar reflector is octahedral it must have a minimum diagonal measurement of 456 mm (18in), or if not octahedral must have a documented RCS (radar cross-section) of not less than 10 m2. The minimum effective height above water is 4.0 m (13 ft). |
|
| |
US SAILING prescribes that in the US, radar reflectors shall have a minimum documented "equivalent echoing area" of 6 sq. m. Octahedral reflectors shall have a minimum diameter of 12 inches. |
| |
| b) |
The passive and active devices referred to in these notes and in 4.10.1 and 4.10.2 above are primarily intended for use in the X (9GHz) band |
|
| 4.10.2 |
The most effective radar response from a yacht may be provided by an RTE (Radar Target Enhancer) which may be on board in addition to the required passive reflector. An RTE should conform to Recommendation ITU-R 1176. An RTE is strongly recommended. |
| |
| b) |
The display of a passive reflector or the operation of an RTE is for the person in charge to decide according to prevailing conditions. |
|
| 4.10.3 |
A passive reflector in compliance with revised ISO8729 (revision in progress at 1/06) offers improved performance over
earlier models and has a size typified by a cylinder of not more than weight 5kg, height 750mm and dia 300mm. When revised ISO 8729 is published the Special Regulations regarding radar reflectors will be reviewed and may be changed. |
| 4.10.4 |
S (3GHz) band radar is often used by ships to complement X (9GHz) band radar. On S (3GHz) band a conventional reflector or RTE offers about 1/10 the response obtained on the X (9GHz) band. |
| 4.11 |
Navigation Equipment |
| 4.11.1 |
Charts |
| |
Navigational charts (not solely electronic), light list and chart plotting equipment shall be provided |
| 4.12 |
Safety Equipment Location Chart |
| |
A safety equipment location chart in durable waterproof material shall be displayed in the main accommodation where it can best be seen, clearly marked with the location of principal items of safety equipment. |
| 4.13 |
Echo Sounder or Lead Line |
| 4.13.1 |
An echo sounder or lead line shall be provided |
| 4.16 |
Tools and Spare Parts |
| |
Tools and spare parts, including effective means to quickly disconnect or sever the standing rigging from the hull shall be provided. |
| 4.17 |
Yacht's name |
| |
Yacht's name shall be on miscellaneous buoyant equipment, such as lifejackets, cushions, lifebuoys, lifeslings, grab bags etc. |
| 4.18 |
Marine grade retro-reflective material |
| |
Marine grade retro-reflective material shall be fitted to lifebuoys, lifeslings, liferafts and lifejackets. See OSRs 5.04, 5.08. |
| 4.21 |
Grab Bags |
| 4.21.1 |
Grab Bag or Emergency Container for Multihulls Without Liferafts |
| |
| a) |
A multihull without a liferaft shall have, readily accessible whether or not the yacht is inverted, either a watertight compartment or a grab bag with the following minimum contents. A grab bag shall have inherent flotation, at least 0.1 m^2 area of fluorescent orange
color on the outside, shall be marked with the name of the yacht, and shall have a lanyard and clip. |
|
| |
| b) |
Note: it is not intended to duplicate in a grab bag etc. items required by other OSRs to be on board the yacht - this regulation covers only the stowage of those items |
|
| |
| c) |
a watertight hand-held marine VHF transceiver plus a spare set of batteries |
|
| |
| d) |
a watertight flashlight with spare batteries and bulb |
|
| |
| e) |
2 red parachute and 3 red hand flares |
|
| |
| f) |
a watertight strobe light with spare batteries |
|
| |
|
| 4.22 |
Lifebuoys |
| 4.22.1 |
The following shall be provided within easy reach of the helmsman and ready for instant use: |
| |
| a) |
a lifebuoy with a self-igniting light and a drogue or a Lifesling with a self-igniting light and without a drogue. |
|
| |
For Category 4, US SAILING prescribes that the lifebuoy must be inherently buoyant. |
| 4.22.3 |
Each inflatable lifebuoy and any automatic device (eg pole and flag extended by compressed gas) shall be tested and serviced at intervals in accordance with its manufacturer's instructions. |
| 4.22.4 |
Each lifebuoy or lifesling shall be fitted with marine grade retro-reflective material (4.18). |
| 4.23 |
Pyrotechnic and Light Signals |
| 4.23.1 |
Pyrotechnic signals shall be provided conforming to SOLAS LSA Code Chapter III Visual Signals and not older than the stamped expiry date (if any) or if no expiry date stamped , not older than 4 years. |
| |
| red parachute flares LSA III 3.1 |
red hand flares LSA III 3.2 |
orange smoke LSA III 3.3 |
race category |
| 6 |
4 |
2 |
MoMu0,1 |
| 4 |
4 |
2 |
MoMu2,3 |
| |
4 |
2 |
Mo4 |
| 2 |
4 |
2 |
Mu4 |
|
| |
TABLE 13 |
| 4.23.2 |
The following lights shall be provided and readily available for the purpose of collision avoidance: |
| |
| a) |
a watertight white torch (flashlight) with spare batteries and bulb |
|
| |
| b) |
a watertight, high-powered white spotlight (searchlight) with spare batteries and bulbs |
|
| 4.24 |
Heaving Line |
| |
| a) |
a heaving line shall be provided 15 m - 25 m (50 ft - 75 ft) length readily accessible to cockpit. |
|
| |
| b) |
the "throwing sock" type is recommended - see Appendix D |
|
| |
US SAILING prescribes that the heaving line be of 1/4 in. (6 mm) minimum diameter, floating, UV-inhibited and readily accessible to the cockpit. |
| 4.25 |
Cockpit Knife |
| |
A strong, sharp knife, sheathed and securely restrained shall be provided readily accessible from the deck or a cockpit. |
| 4.26 |
Storm & Heavy Weather Sails |
| 4.26.1 |
Design |
| |
| a) |
it is strongly recommended that persons in charge consult their designer and sailmaker to decide the most effective size for storm and heavy weather sails. The purpose of these sails is to provide safe propulsion for the yacht in severe weather -they are not intended as part of the racing inventory. The areas below are maxima. Smaller areas are likely to suit some yachts according to their stability and other characteristics. |
|
| 4.26.2 |
High Visibility |
| |
| a) |
it is strongly recommended that every storm sail should either be of highly-visible
colored material (eg dayglo pink, orange or yellow) or have a highly-visible colored
patch added on each side; and also that a rotating wing mast used in lieu of a trysail should have a highly-visible
colored patch on each side |
|
| 4.26.3 |
Materials |
| |
| a) |
aromatic polyamides, carbon and similar fibers shall not be used in a trysail or storm jib but
spectra/dyneema and similar materials are permitted. |
|
| |
| b) |
it is strongly recommended that a heavy-weather jib does not contain aromatic polyamides, carbon and similar
fibers other than spectra/dyneema. |
|
| 4.26.4 |
The following shall be provided:- |
| |
| a) |
sheeting positions on deck for each storm and heavy-weather sail; |
|
| |
| b) |
for each storm or heavy-weather jib, a means to attach the luff to the stay, independent of any luff-groove device. A heavy weather jib shall have the means of attachment readily available. A storm jib shall have the means of attachment permanently attached; |
|
| |
| c) |
when a storm trysail is required by OSR 4.26.4 (g) it shall be capable of being sheeted independently of the boom with area not greater than 17.5% mainsail luff length x mainsail foot length. The storm trysail shall have neither headboard nor battens, however a storm trysail is not required in a yacht with a rotating wing mast which can adequately substitute for a trysail; |
|
| |
| d) |
if a storm trysail is required by OSR 4.26.4 (g) the yacht's sail number and letter(s) shall be placed on both sides of the trysail (or on a rotating wing mast as substitute for a trysail) in as large a size as practicable; |
|
| |
| f) |
in addition to the storm jib required by OSR 4.26.4 (e), a heavy-weather jib (or heavy-weather sail in a yacht with no forestay) of area not greater than 13.5% height of the foretriangle squared and without reef points; |
|
| |
| g) |
either a storm trysail as defined in OSR 4.26.4(c), or mainsail reefing to reduce the luff by at least 40%. |
|
| |
| i) |
It is strongly recommended that the heavy-weather jib does not contain aromatic polyamides, carbon
fibers and other high modulus fibers. |
|
| |
In addition, US SAILING prescribes mainsail reefing to reduce the luff by at least 10% for sails built after 1 January 1997. |
