| 3.01 |
Strength of Build, Ballast and Rig |
| |
Yachts shall be strongly built, watertight and, particularly with regard to hulls, decks and cabin trunks capable of withstanding solid water and knockdowns. They must be properly rigged and ballasted, be fully seaworthy and must meet the standards set forth herein. Shrouds shall never be disconnected. |
| 3.02 |
Watertight Integrity of a Hull |
| 3.02.1 |
A hull, including, deck, coach roof, windows, hatches and all other parts, shall form an integral, essentially watertight unit and any openings in it shall be capable of being immediately secured to maintain this integrity. |
| 3.02.2 |
Centreboard and daggerboard trunks and the like shall not open into the interior of a hull except via a watertight inspection/maintenance hatch of which the opening shall be entirely above the waterline of the yacht floating level in normal trim. |
| 3.02.3 |
A canting keel pivot shall be completely contained within a watertight enclosure which shall comply with OSR 3.02.2. Access points in the watertight enclosure for control and actuation systems or any other purpose shall comply with OSR 3.02.1. |
| 3.02.4 |
Moveable ballast systems shall be fitted with a manual control and actuation secondary system which shall be capable of controlling the full sailing load of the keel in the event of failure of the primary system. Such failures would include electrical and hydraulic failure and mechanical failure of the components and the structure to which it mounts. The system must be capable of being operational quickly and shall be operable at any angle of heel. It would be desirable if this system was capable of securing the keel on the
centerline. |
| 3.03 |
Hull Construction Standards (Scantlings) |
| |
Table 2 |
| |
| LOA |
earliest of age or series date |
race category |
| all |
January 1986 and after |
MoMu0,1 |
| 12m (39.4 feet) and over |
January 1987 and after |
MoMu2 |
| under 12m (39.4 feet) |
January 1988 and after |
MoMu2 |
|
| 3.03.1 |
A yacht defined in the table above shall have been designed built, maintained, modified and repaired in accordance with the requirements of either: |
| |
| a) |
the EC Recreational Craft Directive for Category A (having obtained the CE mark), or |
|
| |
| b) |
the ABS Guide for Building and Classing Offshore Yachts in which case the yacht shall have on board either a certificate of plan approval issued by ABS, or written statements signed by the designer and builder which confirm that they have respectively designed and built the yacht in accordance with the ABS Guide, |
|
| |
| c) |
ISO 12215 Category A, with written statements signed by the designer and builder which confirm that they have respectively designed and built the yacht in accordance with the ISO standard, |
|
| |
| d) |
except that a race organizer or class rules may accept when that described in (a), (b), or (c) above is not available, the signed statement by a naval architect or other person familiar with the standards listed above that the yacht fulfills the requirements of (a), (b), or (c). |
|
| 3.03.2 |
Any significant repairs or modifications to the hull, deck, coachroof, keel or appendages, on a yacht defined in table 2 shall be certified by one of the methods above and an appropriate written statement or statements shall be on board. |
| 3.05 |
Stability and Flotation - Multihulls |
| |
Attention is drawn to ISO 12217-2. |
| 3.05.1 |
Adequate watertight bulkheads and compartments (which may include permanently installed flotation material) in each hull shall be provided to ensure that a multihull is effectively unsinkable and capable of floating in a stable position with at least half the length of one hull flooded. (see OSR 3.13.2). |
| 3.05.2 |
Multihulls built on or after Jan 1999 shall in every hull without accommodation be divided at intervals of not more than 4m (13ft 3") by one or more transverse watertight bulkheads |
| 3.05.3 |
A yacht shall be designed and built to resist capsize. |
| 3.07 |
Exits and Escape Hatches - Multihulls |
| 3.07.1 |
Exits |
| |
| a) |
In a multihull of 8m (26.2ft) LOA and greater, each hull which contains accommodation shall have at least two exits. |
|
| |
| b) |
In a multihull of less than 8m (26.2ft) LOA each hull which contains accommodation shall have at least two exits. |
|
| 3.07.2 |
Escape Hatches, Underside Clipping Points & Handholds |
| |
| a) |
In a multihull of 12m (39.4ft) LOA and greater each hull which contains accommodation shall:- |
|
| |
| |
i |
have an escape hatch for access to and from the hull in the event of an inversion; |
|
| |
| |
ii |
when first launched on or after January 2003 have a minimum clearance diameter through each escape hatch of 450mm or when an escape hatch is not circular, sufficient clearance to allow a crew member to pass through fully clothed; |
|
| |
| |
iii |
when first launched prior to January 2003, if possible have each escape hatch in compliance with the dimensions in OSR 3.07.2(a)(ii); |
|
| |
| |
iv |
when the yacht is inverted have each escape hatch above the waterline; |
|
| |
| |
v |
when first launched on or after January 2001 have each escape hatch at or near the midships station; |
|
| |
| |
vi |
in a catamaran first launched on or after January 2003 have each escape hatch on the side nearest the vessel's central axis. |
|
| |
| b) |
A trimaran of 12m (39.4ft) LOA and greater first launched on or after 1/03 shall have at least two escape hatches in compliance with the dimensions in OSR 3.07.2(a) (ii) |
|
| |
| c) |
Each escape hatch must have been opened both from inside and outside within 6 months prior to an intended race |
|
| |
| d) |
A multihull shall have on the underside appropriate handholds/clipping points sufficient for all crew (on a trimaran these shall be around the central hull). |
|
| |
| e) |
A catamaran first launched on or after 1/03 with a central nacelle shall have on the underside around the central nacelle, handholds of sufficient capacity to enable all persons on board to hold on and/or clip on securely |
|
| |
| f) |
In a catamaran with a central nacelle, it is recommended that each hull has an emergency refuge, accessible via a special hatch in the side of the hull nearest the vessel's central axis, which hatch may be opened and closed from the inside and outside |
|
| 3.08 |
Hatches & Companionways |
| 3.08.1 |
No hatch forward of the maximum beam station shall open in such a way that the lid or cover moves into the open position towards the interior of the hull (excepting ports having an area of less than 0.071m^2 (110 sq in)). |
| 3.08.2 |
A hatch shall be: |
| |
|
| |
| c) |
capable of being firmly shut immediately and remaining firmly shut in a 180 degree capsize (inversion) |
|
| 3.08.3 |
A companionway hatch extending below the local sheerline, shall: |
| |
| a) |
not be permitted in a yacht with a cockpit opening aft to the sea (OSR 3.09.6) |
|
| |
| b) |
be capable of being blocked off up to the level of the local sheerline, provided that the companionway hatch shall continue to give access to the interior with the blocking devices (e.g. washboards) in place |
|
| 3.08.4 |
A companionway hatch shall: |
| |
| a) |
be fitted with a strong securing arrangement which shall be operable from the exterior and interior including when the yacht is inverted |
|
| |
| b) |
have any blocking devices |
|
| |
| |
i |
capable of being retained in position with the hatch open or shut |
|
| |
| |
ii |
whether or not in position in the hatchway, secured to the yacht (e.g. by lanyard) for the duration of the race, to prevent their being lost overboard |
|
| |
| |
iii |
permit exit in the event of inversion |
|
| 3.09 |
Cockpits - Attention is Drawn to ISO 11812 |
| 3.09.1 |
Cockpits shall be structurally strong, self-draining quickly by gravity at all angles of heel and permanently incorporated as an integral part of the hull. |
| 3.09.2 |
Cockpits must be essentially watertight, that is, all openings to the hull must be capable of being strongly and rigidly secured |
| 3.09.3 |
A bilge pump outlet pipe shall not be connected to a cockpit drain . See OSR 3.09.8 for cockpit drain minimum sizes |
| 3.09.4 |
A cockpit sole shall be at least 2% LWL above LWL (or in IMS yachts first launched before 1/03, at least 2% L above LWL) |
| 3.09.5 |
A bow, lateral, central or stern well shall be considered a cockpit for the purposes of OSR 3.09 |
| 3.09.6 |
In cockpits opening aft to the sea structural openings aft shall be not less in area than 50% maximum cockpit depth x maximum cockpit width. |
| 3.09.7 |
Cockpit Volume |
| |
| i) |
earliest of age or series date before April 1992 |
|
| |
the total volume of all cockpits below lowest coamings shall not exceed 6% (LWL x maximum beam x freeboard abreast the cockpit). |
| |
| ii) |
earliest of age or series date April 1992 and after |
|
| |
as above for the appropriate category except that "lowest coamings" shall not include any aft of the FA station and no extension of a cockpit aft of the working deck shall be included in calculation of cockpit volume |
| |
IMS-rated boats may instead of the terms LWL, maximum beam, freeboard abreast the cockpit, use the IMS terms L, B and FA. |
| 3.09.8 |
Cockpit Drains |
| |
See OSR 3.09.1. Cockpit drain cross section area (after allowance for screens if fitted) shall be:- |
| |
| a) |
in yachts with earliest of age or series date before 1/72 or in any yacht under 8.5m (28ft) LOA - at least that of 2 x 25mm diameter (one inch) unobstructed openings or equivalent |
|
| |
| b) |
in yachts with earliest of age or series date 1/72 and later - at least that of 4 x 20mm diameter (3/4 inch) unobstructed openings or equivalent |
|
| |
US SAILING prescribes that cockpit drains shall be accessible for cleaning. |
| 3.10 |
Sea Cocks or Valves |
| |
Sea cocks or valves shall be permanently installed on all through-hull openings below the waterline except integral deck scuppers, speed indicators, depth finders and the like, however a means of closing such openings shall be provided. |
| 3.11 |
Sheet Winches |
| |
Sheet winches shall be mounted in such a way that an operator is not required to be substantially below deck. |
| 3.12 |
Mast Step |
| |
The heel of a keel stepped mast shall be securely fastened to the mast step or adjoining structure. |
| 3.13 |
Watertight Bulkheads |
| |
multihulls also see OSR 3.05 |
| 3.13.1 |
A hull shall have either a watertight "crash" bulkhead within 15% of LOA from the bow and abaft the forward end of LWL, or permanently installed closed-cell foam buoyancy effectively filling the forward 30% LOA of the hull. |
| 3.13.2 |
Any required watertight bulkhead shall be strongly built to take a full head of water pressure without allowing any leakage into the adjacent compartment. |
| 3.14 |
Pulpits, Stanchions, Lifelines |
| 3.14.1 |
When due to the particular design of a multihull it is impractical to precisely follow Special Regulations regarding pulpits, stanchions, lifelines, the regulations for monohulls shall be followed as closely as possible with the aim of
minimizing the risk of people falling overboard. |
| |
US SAILING prescribes that all crew working areas shall be protected by lifelines or jackstays and safety harness attachment points. Lifelines or jackstays with or without safety harness attachment points may be substituted for pulpits |
| 3.14.2 |
Lifelines required in Special Regulations shall be "taut". |
| |
| a) |
As a guide, when a deflecting force of 50 N (5.1 kgf, 11.2 lbf) is applied to a lifeline midway between supports, the lifeline should not deflect more than 50 mm. |
|
| 3.14.3 |
The following shall be provided: |
| |
| c) |
lifelines (guardlines) supported on stanchions, which, with pulpits, shall form an effectively continuous barrier around a working deck for man-overboard prevention. Lifelines shall be permanently supported at intervals of not more than 2.20m (86.6") and shall not pass outboard of supporting stanchions |
|
| |
| d) |
upper rails of pulpits at no less height above the working deck than the upper lifelines as in Table 7. |
|
| |
| e) |
Openable upper rails in bow pulpits shall be secured shut whilst racing |
|
| |
| f) |
Pulpits and stanchions shall be permanently installed. When there are sockets or studs, these shall be through-bolted, bonded or welded. The pulpit(s) and/or stanchions fitted to these shall be mechanically retained without the help of the life-lines. Without sockets or studs, pulpits and/or stanchions shall be through-bolted, bonded or welded. |
|
| |
| g) |
The bases of pulpits and stanchions shall not be further inboard from the edge of the appropriate working deck than 5% of maximum beam or 150 mm (6 in), whichever is greater. |
|
| |
| h) |
Stanchion bases shall not be situated outboard of a working deck. For the purpose of this rule a stanchion or pulpit base shall be taken to include a sleeve or socket into which a stanchion or pulpit tube is fitted but shall exclude a baseplate which carries fixings into the deck or hull. |
|
| |
| i) |
Provided the complete lifeline enclosure is supported by stanchions and pulpit bases effectively within the working deck, lifeline terminals and support struts may be fixed to a hull aft of the working deck |
|
| |
| j) |
Lifelines need not be fixed to a bow pulpit if they terminate at, or pass through, adequately braced stanchions set inside and overlapping the bow pulpit, provided that the gap between the upper lifeline and the bow pulpit does not exceed 150 mm (6 in). |
|
| |
| k) |
Stanchions shall be straight and vertical except that:- |
|
| |
| i) |
within the first 50 mm (2 in) from the deck, stanchions shall not be displaced horizontally from the point at which they emerge from the deck or stanchion base by more than 10 mm (3/8
in), and |
|
| |
| ii) |
stanchions may be angled to not more than 10 degrees from vertical at any point above 50 mm (2 in) from the deck. |
|
| |
| l) |
It is strongly recommended that designs also comply to ISO 15085 |
|
| 3.14.4 |
Special Requirements for Pulpits, Stanchions, Lifelines on Multihulls |
| |
The following shall be provided:- |
| |
| a) |
on a trimaran - a bow pulpit on the main hull, with lifelines around the main hull supported on stanchions. The lifelines may be interrupted where there are nets or crossbeam wings outboard of the main hull |
|
| |
| b) |
on a trimaran - where a net joins the base of a bow pulpit on the main hull, an additional lifeline from the top of the pulpit to the forward crossbeam at or outboard of the crossbeam mid-point. |
|
| |
| c) |
on a trimaran - at a main or emergency steering position on an outrigger with or without a cockpit, lifelines protecting an arc of 3 meters diameter
centered on the steering position. (When measuring between lifelines their taut, undeflected positions shall be taken for this purpose). |
|
| |
| d) |
on a catamaran - lifelines from bow to stern on each hull and transverse lifelines to form an effectively continuous barrier around the working area for man-overboard prevention. The transverse lifelines shall be attached to bow and stern pulpits or superstructure. A webbing, strop or rope (minimum diameter 6mm) shall be rove zig-zag between the transverse lifelines and the net. |
|
| 3.14.5 |
Lifeline Height, Vertical Openings, Number of Lifelines |
| |
TABLE 7 |
| |
| LOA |
earliest of age/series date |
minimum requirements |
Category |
| under 8.5 m(28 ft) |
before January 1992 |
taut single lifeline at a height of no less than 450 mm (18 in) above the working deck. No vertical opening shall exceed 560 mm (22 in). |
** |
| under 8.5 m(28 ft) |
January 1992and after |
as for under 8.5 m(28 ft) in table 7 above, except that when an intermediate lifeline is fitted no vertical opening shall exceed 380 mm (15 in). |
** |
| 8.5 m (28 ft) and over |
before January 1993 |
taut double lifeline with upper lifeline at a height of no less than 600 mm (24 in) above the working deck. No vertical opening shall exceed 560 mm (22 in) |
** |
| 8.5 m (28 ft)and over |
January 1993 and after |
as 8.5 m (28 ft) and over in Table 7 above, except that no vertical opening shall exceed 380 mm (15 in). |
** |
| all |
all |
on yachts with intermediate lifelines the intermediate line shall be not less than 230 mm (9 in) above the working deck and shall be of the same construction and general arrangements as required for the upper. |
** |
|
| 3.14.6 |
Lifeline Minimum Diameters, Required Materials, Specifications |
| |
| a) |
All lifelines shall be stranded stainless steel wire of minimum diameter in table 8 below. Lifelines shall be uncoated and used without close-fitting sleeving. |
|
| |
Notwithstanding 3.14.6 (a), temporary sleeving may be fitted provided it is regularly removed for inspection |
| |
| b) |
Grade 316 stainless wire is recommended. |
|
| |
| c) |
A taut lanyard of synthetic rope may be used to secure lifelines provided the gap it closes does not exceed 100 mm (4 in). This lanyard shall be replaced annually at a minimum. |
|
| |
| d) |
All wire, fittings, anchorage points, fixtures and lanyards shall comprise a lifeline enclosure system which has at all points at least the breaking strength of the required lifeline wire. |
|
| |
TABLE 8 |
| |
| LOA |
minimum wire diameter |
| under 8.5 m (28ft) |
3 mm (1/8 in) |
| 8.5m - 13 m |
4 mm (5/32 in) |
| over 13 m (43 ft) |
5 mm (3/16 in) |
|
| 3.14.7 |
Pulpits, Stanchions, Lifelines - Limitations on Materials |
| |
TABLE 9 |
| |
| Earliest of Age or Series Date |
detail |
| before January 1987 |
carbon fiber is not recommended in stanchions pulpits and lifelines. |
| January 1987 and after |
stanchions, pulpits and lifelines shall not be made of carbon
fiber. |
|
| 3.15 |
Multihull Nets or Trampolines |
| 3.15.1 |
The word "net" is interchangeable with the word "trampoline" |
| |
A net shall be:- |
| |
| a) |
essentially horizontal |
|
| |
| b) |
made from durable woven webbing, water permeable fabric, or mesh with openings not larger than 5.08cm (2 inches) in any dimension. Attachment points shall be planned to avoid chafe. The junction between a net and a yacht shall present no risk of foot trapping |
|
| |
| c) |
solidly fixed at regular intervals on transverse and longitudinal support lines and shall be fine-stitched to a bolt rope |
|
| |
| d) |
able to carry the full weight of the crew either in normal working conditions at sea or in case of capsize when the yacht is inverted. |
|
| |
| e) |
It is recommended that lines used to tie the nets should be individually tied and not continuously connected to more than four attachment points per connecting line |
|
| 3.15.2 |
Trimarans with Double Crossbeams |
| |
| a) |
A trimaran with double crossbeams shall have nets on each side covering:- |
|
| |
| b) |
the rectangles formed by the crossbeams, central hull and outriggers |
|
| |
| c) |
the triangles formed by the aft end of the central pulpit, the mid-point of each forward crossbeam, and the intersection of the crossbeam and the central hull |
|
| |
| d) |
the triangles formed by the aftermost part of the cockpit or steering position (whichever is furthest aft), the mid-point of each after crossbeam, and the intersection of the crossbeam and the central hull; except that:- |
|
| |
| e) |
the requirement in OSR 3.15.2(d) shall not apply when cockpit coamings and/or lifelines are present which comply with the minimum height requirements in Table 7 |
|
| 3.15.3 |
Trimarans with Single Crossbeams |
| |
| a) |
A trimaran with a single crossbeam shall have nets between the central hull and each outrigger:- |
|
| |
| b) |
on each side between two straight lines from the intersection of the crossbeam and the outrigger, respectively to the aft end of the pulpit on the central hull, and to the aftermost point of the cockpit or steering position on the central hull (whichever is furthest aft) |
|
| 3.16 |
Catamarans |
| |
| a) |
On a catamaran the total net surface shall be limited: |
|
| |
| b) |
laterally by the hulls |
|
| |
| c) |
longitudinally by transverse stations through the forestay base, and the aftermost point of the boom lying fore and aft. However, a catamaran with a central nacelle (non-immersed) may satisfy the regulations for a trimaran |
|
| 3.18 |
Toilet |
| 3.18.1 |
A toilet, permanently installed |
| 3.19 |
Bunks |
| 3.19.2 |
Bunks, permanently installed |
| 3.20 |
Cooking Facilities |
| 3.20.1 |
A cooking stove, permanently installed or securely fastened with safe accessible fuel shutoff control and capable of being safely operated in a seaway. |
| 3.21 |
Drinking Water Tanks & Drinking Water |
| 3.21.1 |
Drinking Water Tanks |
| |
| a) |
A yacht shall have a permanently installed delivery pump and water tank(s): |
|
| |
| |
ii |
dividing the water supply into at least two compartments |
|
| 3.21.3 |
Emergency Drinking Water |
| |
| a) |
At least 9 liters (2 UK gallons, 2.4 US gallons) of drinking water for emergency use shall be provided in a dedicated and sealed container or
container(s) |
|
| 3.22 |
Hand Holds |
| |
Adequate hand holds shall be fitted below deck so that crew members may move about safely at sea. |
| |
A hand hold should be capable of withstanding without rupture a side force of 1500N - attention is drawn to ISO 15085. |
| 3.23 |
Bilge Pumps and Buckets |
| 3.23.1 |
No bilge pump may discharge into a cockpit unless that cockpit opens aft to the sea. |
| 3.23.2 |
Bilge pumps shall not be connected to cockpit drains. (OSR 3.09) |
| 3.23.3 |
Bilge pumps and strum boxes shall be readily accessible for maintenance and for clearing out debris |
| 3.23.4 |
Unless permanently installed, each bilge pump handle shall be provided with a lanyard or catch or similar device to prevent accidental loss |
| 3.23.5 |
The following shall be provided: |
| |
| b) |
one permanently installed manual bilge pump either above or below deck. The pump shall be operable with all cockpit seats, hatches and companionways shut and shall have a permanently installed discharge pipe. |
|
| |
| c) |
multihulls shall have provision to pump out all watertight compartments (except those filled with impermeable buoyancy). |
|
| |
| f) |
two buckets of stout construction each with at least 9
liters (2 UK gallons, 2.4 US gallons) capacity. Each bucket to have a lanyard. |
|
| 3.24 |
Compass |
| 3.24.1 |
The following shall be provided:- |
| |
| a) |
a marine magnetic compass, independent of any power supply, permanently installed and correctly adjusted with deviation card, and |
|
| |
| b) |
a compass which may be hand-held |
|
| 3.25 |
Halyards. |
| |
No mast shall have less than two halyards, each capable of hoisting a sail. |
| |
Boom Support. US SAILING prescribes that some means must exist to prevent the boom from dropping if support from the mainsail and/or halyard fails. Topping lifts or supporting vangs are acceptable for this purpose. |
| 3.27 |
Navigation Lights (see OSR 2.03.3) |
| 3.27.1 |
Navigation lights shall be mounted so that they will not be masked by sails or the heeling of the yacht. |
| 3.27.2 |
Navigation lights shall not be mounted below deck level and should be at no less height than immediately under the upper lifeline. |
| 3.27.3 |
Navigation light intensity |
| |
TABLE 11 |
| |
| LOA |
Guide to required minimum power rating for an electric bulb in a navigation light |
| under 12 m (39.4 ft) |
10 W |
| 12 m (39.4 ft) and above |
25 W |
|
| |
US SAILING prescribes that in the US compliance with the recommendations of COLREGS shall suffice in satisfying these regulations. COLREGS requirements are as follows; |
| |
TABLE 14 |
| |
| LOA |
Light |
Luminous Intensity |
Minimum Range |
| |
|
|
of Visibility |
| under 39.4 ft |
Side |
0.9 candelas |
1 mile |
| |
Stern |
4.3 candelas |
2 miles |
| 39.4 ft and above |
Side |
4.3 candelas |
2 miles |
| and less than 164 ft |
Stern |
4.3 candelas |
2 miles |
|
| 3.27.4 |
Reserve navigation lights shall be carried having the same minimum specifications as the navigation lights above, with a separable power source, and wiring or supply system essentially separate from that used for the normal navigation lights |
| 3.27.5 |
spare bulbs for navigation lights shall be carried, or for lights not dependent on bulbs, appropriate spares. |
| 3.28 |
Engines, Generators, Fuel |
| 3.28.2 |
A propulsion engine shall be provided, either in accordance with OSR 3.28.1 or in a multihull of less than 12.0m (39.4ft) LOA an outboard engine together with permanently installed fuel supply systems and fuel tank(s). |
| 3.28.2 |
A propulsion engine shall be provided, EITHER as a securely covered inboard engine together with permanently installed exhaust and fuel supply systems and fuel tank(s) OR in a multihull of less than 12.0m (39.4ft) as an outboard engine with associated tanks and fuel supply systems, all securely fastened. |
| |
| a) |
A separate generator for electricity is optional. However, when a separate generator is carried it shall be permanently installed, securely covered, and shall have permanently installed exhaust and fuel supply systems and fuel tank(s). A separate generator shall comply with OSR 3.28.3 (c) and (e) |
|
| 3.28.3 |
A propulsion engine required by Special Regulations shall:- |
| |
| a) |
provide a minimum speed in knots of (1.8 x square root of LWL in
meters) or (square root of LWL in feet) |
|
| |
| b) |
have a minimum amount of fuel which may be specified in the Notice of Race but if not, shall be sufficient to be able to meet charging requirements for the duration of the race and to motor at the above minimum speed for at least 8 hours |
|
| |
| c) |
have adequate protection from the effects of heavy weather |
|
| |
| d) |
when an electric starter is the only method for starting the engine, have a separate battery, the primary purpose of which is to start the engine |
|
| |
| e) |
have each fuel tank provided with a shutoff valve. Except for permanently installed linings or liners, a flexible tank is not permitted as a fuel tank. |
|
| 3.28.4 |
Batteries |
| |
| b) |
It is recommended that consideration be given to the installation of sealed batteries, noting however that a special charging device may be specified by the battery manufacturers |
|
| 3.29 |
Communications Equipment, EPFS (Electronic Position-Fixing System), Radar, AIS |
| |
Provision of GMDSS and DSC is unlikely to be mandatory for small craft during the term of the present Special Regulations However it is recommended that persons in charge include these facilities when installing new equipment. |
| 3.29.1 |
The following shall be provided: |
| |
| a) |
A marine radio transceiver (or if stated in the Notice of Race, an installed satcom terminal), and |
|
| |
| |
i |
an emergency antenna when the regular antenna depends upon the mast. |
|
| |
| b) |
When the marine radio transceiver is VHF: |
|
| |
| |
i |
it shall have a rated output power of 25W |
|
| |
| |
ii |
it shall have a masthead antenna, and co-axial feeder cable with not more than 40% power loss |
|
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| |
iii |
the following types and lengths of co-axial feeder cable will meet the requirements of OSR 3.29.1 (b)(ii): (a) up to 15m (50ft) - type RG8X ("mini 8"); (b) 15-28m (50-90ft) - type RG8U; (c) 28-43m (90-140ft) - type 9913F (uses conventional connectors, available from US supplier Belden); (d) 43-70m) 140-230ft - type LMR600 (uses special connectors, available from US supplier Times Microwave). |
|
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| |
iv |
it should include channel 72 (an international ship-ship channel which, by common use, has become widely accepted as primary choice for ocean racing yachts anywhere in the world) |
|
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| e) |
A hand-held marine VHF transceiver, watertight or with a waterproof cover. When not in use to be stowed in a grab bag or emergency container (see OSR 4.21) |
|
| |
| f) |
Independent of a main radio transceiver, a radio receiver capable of receiving weather bulletins |
|
| |
| i) |
An EPFS (Electronic Position-Fixing System) (e.g. GPS) |
|
| 3.29.2 |
Yachts are reminded that no reflector, active or passive, is a guarantee of detection or tracking by a vessel using radar. |
| |
| a) |
The attention of persons in charge is drawn to legislation in force or imminent affecting the territorial seas of some countries in which the carriage of an AIS set is or will be mandatory for certain vessels including relatively small craft. |
|
| 4.01 |
Sail Letters & Numbers |
| 4.01.1 |
Yachts which are not in an ISAF International Class or Recognized Class shall comply with RRS 77 and Appendix G as closely as possible, except that sail numbers allotted by a State authority are acceptable . |
| 4.01.2 |
Sail numbers and letters of the size carried on the mainsail must be displayed by alternative means when none of the numbered sails is set. |
| 4.02 |
Hull marking (color blaze) |
| 4.02.1 |
To assist in SAR location:- |
| |
| b) |
Each yacht is recommended to show at least 1 m^2 of fluorescent pink or orange or yellow
color as far as possible in a single area on the coachroof and/or deck where it can best be seen |
|
| 4.02.2 |
Multihulls shall show on the underside, where they can be seen when inverted, an solid area of highly-visible
color (e.g. Day-Glo pink, orange, or yellow) of at least 1m^2 |
| 4.02.3 |
Each yacht is recommended to show on each underwater appendage an area of highly-visible
color |
| 4.03 |
Soft Wood Plugs |
| |
Soft wood plugs, tapered and of the appropriate size, shall be attached or stowed adjacent to the appropriate fitting for every through-hull opening. |
| 4.04 |
Jackstays, Clipping Points and Static Safety Lines |
| 4.04.1 |
The following shall be provided: |
| |
|
| |
shall be provided- |
| |
| |
i |
attached to through-bolted or welded deck plates or other suitable and strong anchorage fitted on deck, port and starboard of the yacht's
center line to provide secure attachments for safety harness:- |
|
| |
| |
ii |
comprising stainless steel 1 x 19 wire of minimum diameter 5 mm (3/16 in), or webbing of equivalent strength; |
|
| |
US SAILING prescribes that wire jackstays may be of configurations other than 1 X 19. |
| |
| |
iii |
which, when made from stainless steel wire shall be uncoated and used without any sleeving; |
|
| |
| |
iv |
20kN (2,040 kgf or 4,500 lbf) min breaking strain webbing is recommended; |
|
| |
| |
v |
at least two of which should be fitted on the underside of a multihull in case of inversion. |
|
| 4.04.2 |
Clipping Points:- |
| |
shall be provided- |
| |
| a) |
attached to through-bolted or welded deck plates or other suitable and strong anchorage points adjacent to stations such as the helm, sheet winches and masts, where crew members work for long periods:- |
|
| |
| b) |
which, together with jackstays and static safety lines shall enable a crew member- |
|
| |
| |
i |
to clip on before coming on deck and unclip after going below; |
|
| |
| |
ii |
whilst continuously clipped on, to move readily between the working areas on deck and the cockpit(s) with the minimum of clipping and unclipping operations. |
|
| |
| c) |
The provision of clipping points shall enable two-thirds of the crew to be simultaneously clipped on without depending on jackstays |
|
| |
| d) |
In a trimaran with a rudder on the outrigger, adequate clipping points shall be provided that are not part of the deck gear or the steering mechanism, in order that the steering mechanism can be reached by a crew member whilst clipped on. |
|
| |
| e) |
Warning - U-bolts as clipping points - see OSR 5.02.1(a) |
|
| 4.05 |
Fire Extinguishers |
| |
Shall be provided as follows: |
| 4.05.1 |
Fire extinguishers, at least two, readily accessible in suitable and different parts of the yacht |
| 4.06 |
Anchor(s) |
| 4.06.1 |
An anchor or anchors shall be carried according to the table below: |
| |
| a) |
The following anchors shall be provided |
|
| |
| i) |
For yachts of 8.5 m LOA (28 ft) and over there shall be 2 anchors together with a suitable combination of chain and rope, all ready for immediate use |
|
| |
| ii) |
For yachts under 8.5 m LOA (28 ft) there shall be 1 anchor together with a suitable combination of chain and rope, all ready for immediate use |
|
| 4.07 |
Flashlight(s) |
| 4.07.1 |
The following shall be provided:- |
| |
| a) |
a watertight, high-powered flashlight or spotlight, with spare batteries and bulbs, and |
|
| |
| b) |
a watertight flashlight with spare batteries and bulb |
|
| 4.08 |
First Aid Manual and First Aid Kit |
| 4.08.1 |
A suitable First Aid Manual shall be provided |
| |
In the absence of a National Authority's requirement, the latest edition of one of the following is recommended:- |
| |
| a) |
International Medical Guide for Ships, World Health
Organization, Geneva |
|
| |
| c) |
Le Guide de la medicine a distance, by Doctor
J Y Chauve, published by Distance Assistance BP33 F-La Baule, cedex, France. An English translation may be available. |
|
| |
US SAILING endorses the above and additionally recommends the following manuals: Advanced First Aid by Peter Eastman, M.D., Cornell Maritime Press and A Comprehensive Guide to Marine Medicine by Eric A. Weiss, M.D. and Michael E. Jacobs, M.D., Adventure Medical Kit. |
| 4.08.2 |
A First Aid Kit shall be provided |
| 4.08.3 |
The contents and storage of the First Aid Kit should reflect the guidelines of the Manual carried, the likely conditions and duration of the passage, and the number of people aboard the yacht. |
| 4.08.4 |
At least two members of the crew |
| |
shall hold a current Senior First Aid Certificate or equivalent and should be familiar with the management of medical emergencies that may occur at sea including Hypothermia, and radio communications operations for obtaining medical advice by radio. |
| |
Each of these crew members shall also have undertaken the training required by OSR 6.01. |
| 4.09 |
Foghorn |
| |
A foghorn shall be provided |
| 4.10 |
Radar Reflector, AIS (Automatic Identification System) |
| 4.10.1 |
A passive Radar Reflector (that is, a Radar Reflector without any power) shall be provided |
| |
| a) |
If a radar reflector is octahedral it must have a minimum diagonal measurement of 456 mm (18in), or if not octahedral must have a documented RCS (radar cross-section) of not less than 10 m2. The minimum effective height above water is 4.0 m (13 ft). |
|
| |
US SAILING prescribes that in the US, radar reflectors shall have a minimum documented "equivalent echoing area" of 6 sq. m. Octahedral reflectors shall have a minimum diameter of 12 inches. |
| |
| b) |
The passive and active devices referred to in these notes and in 4.10.1 and 4.10.2 above are primarily intended for use in the X (9GHz) band |
|
| 4.10.2 |
The most effective radar response from a yacht may be provided by an RTE (Radar Target Enhancer) which may be on board in addition to the required passive reflector. An RTE should conform to Recommendation ITU-R 1176. An RTE is strongly recommended. |
| |
| b) |
The display of a passive reflector or the operation of an RTE is for the person in charge to decide according to prevailing conditions. |
|
| 4.10.3 |
A passive reflector in compliance with revised ISO8729 (revision in progress at 1/06) offers improved performance over
earlier models and has a size typified by a cylinder of not more than weight 5kg, height 750mm and dia 300mm. When revised ISO 8729 is published the Special Regulations regarding radar reflectors will be reviewed and may be changed. |
| 4.10.4 |
S (3GHz) band radar is often used by ships to complement X (9GHz) band radar. On S (3GHz) band a conventional reflector or RTE offers about 1/10 the response obtained on the X (9GHz) band. |
| 4.11 |
Navigation Equipment |
| 4.11.1 |
Charts |
| |
Navigational charts (not solely electronic), light list and chart plotting equipment shall be provided |
| 4.11.2 |
Reserve Navigation System |
| |
Navigators are recommended to carry a sextant with suitable tables and a timepiece or an adequate reserve navigation system so that total reliance is not placed on dead-reckoning and a single form of EPFS (Electronic Position-Fixing System) (see Volpe Report at www.navcen.uscg.gov/archive/2001/Oct/FinalReport-v4.6.pdf) |
| 4.12 |
Safety Equipment Location Chart |
| |
A safety equipment location chart in durable waterproof material shall be displayed in the main accommodation where it can best be seen, clearly marked with the location of principal items of safety equipment. |
| 4.13 |
Echo Sounder or Lead Line |
| 4.13.1 |
An echo sounder or lead line shall be provided |
| 4.14 |
Speedometer or Distance Measuring Instrument (log) |
| |
A speedometer or distance measuring instrument (log) shall be provided |
| 4.15 |
Emergency Steering |
| 4.15.1 |
Emergency steering shall be provided as follows: |
| |
| a) |
except when the principal method of steering is by means of an unbreakable metal tiller, an emergency tiller capable of being fitted to the rudder stock; |
|
| |
| b) |
crews must be aware of alternative methods of steering the yacht in any sea condition in the event of rudder loss. At least one method must have been proven to work on board the yacht. An inspector may require that this method be demonstrated. |
|
| 4.16 |
Tools and Spare Parts |
| |
Tools and spare parts, including effective means to quickly disconnect or sever the standing rigging from the hull shall be provided. |
| 4.17 |
Yacht's name |
| |
Yacht's name shall be on miscellaneous buoyant equipment, such as lifejackets, cushions, lifebuoys, lifeslings, grab bags etc. |
| 4.18 |
Marine grade retro-reflective material |
| |
Marine grade retro-reflective material shall be fitted to lifebuoys, lifeslings, liferafts and lifejackets. See OSRs 5.04, 5.08. |
| 4.19 |
EPIRBs |
| 4.19.1 |
A 406 MHz EPIRB shall be provided |
| |
| b) |
It is recommended that a 406 MHz EPIRB should include an internal GPS, and also a 121.5MHz transmitter for local homing. |
|
| |
| c) |
Every 406 MHz EPIRB shall be properly registered with the appropriate authority. |
|
| |
| d) |
EPIRBs should be tested in accordance with manufacturer's instructions when first commissioned and then at least annually. |
|
| |
| e) |
A list of registration numbers of 406 EPIRBs should be notified to event organizers and kept available for immediate use. |
|
| |
| f) |
Consideration should be given to the provision of a locator device (eg an "Argos" beacon) operating on non - SAR frequencies, to aid salvage if a yacht is abandoned. |
|
| |
| g) |
Beacons with only 121.5MHz are no longer recommended for distress alerting. Satellite processing of 121.5 MHz is being phased out. 121.5MHz will continue to be used for local homing by on-board D/F systems and for local homing by SAR units. Type "E" EPIRBs are no longer supported and should be replaced immediately. |
|
| |
| h) |
See OSR 3.29.1(e) for on-board D/F and OSR 5.07.1(b) for personal EPIRBs (PLBs) |
|
| |
US SAILING requires the use of 406 EPIRBs (with or without GPS input), as USCG advises that rescue efforts will be launched immediately upon receipt of a distress signal from these units. Older units using 121.5 and 243.0 MHz may involve delays of several hours before search initiation, due to high false alarm rates for this equipment. USCG also advises that INMARSAT "E" transmissions are not monitored by U.S. Rescue Coordination Centers and that slight delays are likely to occur while the commercial ground stations forward an alert to the USCG. |
| 4.20 |
Liferafts |
| 4.20.1 |
Liferaft Construction and Packed Equipment |
| 4.20.2 |
Liferaft(s) shall be provided capable of carrying the whole crew when each liferaft shall comply with either:- |
| |
| a) |
Liferafts shall comply with SOLAS LSA code 1997 Chapter IV or later version except that they are acceptable with a capacity of 4 persons and may be packed in a valise. A SOLAS liferaft shall contain at least a SOLAS "A" pack or |
|
| |
| b) |
for liferafts manufactured prior to January 2003 (1/06 in the U.S.), OSR Appendix A part I (ORC), or |
|
| |
| c) |
OSR Appendix A part II (ISAF) when, unless otherwise specified by a race organizer, the floor shall include thermal insulation, or |
|
| |
| d) |
ISO 9650 Part I Type I Group A (ISO) when each liferaft shall contain at least a Pack 2 (<24h) and- |
|
| |
| i) |
shall have a semi-rigid boarding ramp, and |
|
| |
| ii) |
shall be so arranged that any high-pressure hose shall not impede the boarding process, and |
|
| |
| iii) |
shall have a topping-up means provided for any inflatable boarding ramp, and |
|
| |
| iv) |
when the liferaft is designed with a single ballast pocket this shall be accepted provided the liferaft otherwise complies with ISO 9650 and meets a suitable test of ballast pocket strength devised by the manufacturer and |
|
| |
| v) |
compliance with OSR 4.20.2 (d) i-iv shall be indicated on the liferaft certificate. |
|
| |
US SAILING recommends that liferafts be equipped with insulated floors for events that take place in waters of less than 68 deg F (20deg C). |
| |
US SAILING prescribes that liferafts shall be equipped with canopies. |
| 4.20.3 |
Liferaft Packing and Stowage |
| |
A Liferaft shall be either:- |
| |
| a) |
packed in a transportable rigid container or canister and stowed on the working deck or in the cockpit, or:- |
|
| |
| b) |
packed in a transportable rigid container or canister or in a valise and stowed in a purpose-built rigid compartment containing liferaft(s) only and opening into or adjacent to the cockpit or working deck, or through a transom, provided that:- |
|
| |
| i) |
each compartment is watertight or self-draining (self-draining compartments will be counted as part of the cockpit volume except when entirely above working deck level or when draining independently overboard from a transom stowage - see OSR 3.09) and- |
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| |
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